電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁兼(jian)容性是(shi)(shi)指設(she)備或者系統在其電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁環境(jing)中能正常工作，且不(bu)對該(gai)環境(jing)中任何事物(wu)構成不(bu)能承受的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁騷(sao)擾(rao)的(de)(de)能力。對于開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)來(lai)說電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁兼(jian)容性也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)一個必(bi)須要(yao)解(jie)決的(de)(de)問題(ti)。我(wo)們知(zhi)道電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配器的(de)(de)三(san)要(yao)素是(shi)(shi)干(gan)擾(rao)源(yuan)（騷(sao)擾(rao)源(yuan)）、耦合通(tong)路和(he)敏感體。而電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁兼(jian)容的(de)(de)解(jie)決常用的(de)(de)方法主要(yao)有屏蔽、接地和(he)濾波。接下來(lai)電(dian)源適配器廠家將會(hui)針對電(dian)(dian)磁兼(jian)容的三要(yao)素來(lai)講(jiang)解電(dian)(dian)磁兼(jian)容的解決辦法。

要解(jie)決開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)源的電(dian)(dian)磁兼容性(xing)問題，可(ke)從(cong)三個(ge)方面入手：第(di)一，減小騷擾(rao)源產生的騷擾(rao)信(xin)號；第(di)二，切斷(duan)騷擾(rao)信(xin)號的傳(chuan)播途徑；第(di)三，增強受騷擾(rao)體(ti)的抗騷擾(rao)能(neng)力。在(zai)解(jie)決開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)源內部的兼容性(xing)時，可(ke)以綜合利用上述三個(ge)方法(fa)，以成本效(xiao)益比及實施的難(nan)易(yi)性(xing)為(wei)前提。

因而，開關電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)產生的對(dui)外騷擾(rao)(rao)，如(ru)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)(xian)諧波電(dian)(dian)流(liu)、電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)(xian)傳導騷擾(rao)(rao)、電(dian)(dian)磁場輻射騷擾(rao)(rao)等(deng)只能用減(jian)小騷擾(rao)(rao)源(yuan)的方法來解決。一方面(mian)，可以(yi)增強(qiang)輸(shu)(shu)入/輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)濾波電(dian)(dian)路的設(she)計(ji)，改(gai)善(shan)(shan)APFC電(dian)(dian)路的性能，減(jian)小開關管(guan)及整流(liu)、續流(liu)二極管(guan)的電(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)流(liu)變化(hua)率，采(cai)用各種軟開關電(dian)(dian)路拓撲及控制方式等(deng)；另一方面(mian)，加(jia)強(qiang)機殼(ke)的屏蔽效果，改(gai)善(shan)(shan)機殼(ke)的縫隙泄漏，并進行良好的接地處理。而對(dui)外部的抗騷擾(rao)(rao)能力(li)（如(ru)浪(lang)涌、雷(lei)擊）應優(you)化(hua)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)輸(shu)(shu)入及直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)端(duan)口(kou)的防雷(lei)能力(li)。

通常，對(dui)1.2/50?s開(kai)路(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)及8/20?s短路(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)組合(he)(he)雷擊波形，因(yin)能量(liang)較小，通常采用氧化鋅壓(ya)敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)與氣體(ti)方(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)管等(deng)的(de)(de)組合(he)(he)方(fang)法(fa)來解決。對(dui)于(yu)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，通常在通信端(duan)口(kou)及控制端(duan)口(kou)的(de)(de)小信號(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中，采用TVS管及相應的(de)(de)接地保(bao)護、加(jia)大小信號(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)與機(ji)殼等(deng)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)距(ju)離來解決或選用具(ju)有抗靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)騷(sao)擾的(de)(de)器件(jian)。快速瞬變信號(hao)含(han)有很寬的(de)(de)頻譜，很容(rong)易以共(gong)模(mo)的(de)(de)方(fang)式傳入(ru)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)內，采用與防靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)相同的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)并減小共(gong)模(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感的(de)(de)分布電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)、加(jia)強輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)共(gong)模(mo)信號(hao)濾波（加(jia)共(gong)模(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)或插入(ru)損耗型(xing)的(de)(de)鐵(tie)氧體(ti)磁環等(deng)）來提高(gao)系統的(de)(de)抗擾性能。

減(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的內(nei)部(bu)騷(sao)擾(rao)(rao)，實(shi)現(xian)其自身的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁兼容(rong)(rong)性，提高(gao)(gao)開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的穩(wen)定性及(ji)可靠性，應(ying)從以下幾個方面入手(shou)：①注(zhu)意數(shu)字(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)與(yu)模塊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)PCB布線的正確分(fen)區；②數(shu)字(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)與(yu)模擬(ni)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的去(qu)耦；③數(shu)字(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)與(yu)模擬(ni)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)單點接地(di)(di)、大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)與(yu)小(xiao)(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)特別是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓取樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的單點接地(di)(di)以減(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)共阻騷(sao)擾(rao)(rao)，減(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)環(huan)地(di)(di)影響，布線時注(zhu)意相鄰(lin)線間的間距及(ji)信號性質(zhi)，避免產生串擾(rao)(rao)，減(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)輸出整流(liu)回(hui)路(lu)及(ji)續流(liu)二極管(guan)回(hui)路(lu)與(yu)支流(liu)濾(lv)(lv)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)所包(bao)圍的面積，減(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)變壓器的漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、濾(lv)(lv)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感的分(fen)布電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，運(yun)用諧振頻(pin)率高(gao)(gao)的濾(lv)(lv)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器等。

以上這(zhe)些都是飛天(tian)鷹電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配器(qi)(qi)廠家，多年(nian)來從事電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)適配器(qi)(qi)研發(fa)與生產總結出(chu)來的(de)寶貴經驗(yan)，在(zai)這(zhe)里分享(xiang)出(chu)來，希望能(neng)夠幫助到大(da)家。飛天(tian)鷹掌握電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)行業領先科技，擁(yong)有一流(liu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)研發(fa)與制(zhi)造能(neng)力(li)。