電源的電路通常包括：交流輸入回路、整流濾波電路、輔助電源開關電路、PWM脈寬調制電路、PS-ON控制電路、保護電路、輸出電路這幾種。接下來電源適(shi)配(pei)器(qi)廠家將會為大家簡單介紹一些有關這些電源電路的基本知識。

 1、交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)輸入(ru)(ru)回路(lu)(lu)：交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)輸入(ru)(ru)回路(lu)(lu)包(bao)括輸入(ru)(ru)保護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)和(he)EMC抑制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)等。輸入(ru)(ru)保護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)是對交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)輸入(ru)(ru)回路(lu)(lu)中的過(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、過(guo)(guo)壓(ya)保護(hu)(hu)以及限流(liu)(liu)(liu)作用；EMC抑制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)有(you)兩方面的作用：一是抑制(zhi)外(wai)部(bu)干擾(rao)信號通(tong)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)進入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源系統；二是抑制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源內部(bu)產生的干擾(rao)信號進入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)，避免對其它電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)設(she)備(bei)及顯示器(qi)和(he)微機本身的干擾(rao)。2、整流(liu)(liu)(liu)濾(lv)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)：包(bao)括整流(liu)(liu)(liu)和(he)濾(lv)波兩部(bu)分，將(jiang)輸入(ru)(ru)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉換為直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，為開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)提供穩定的直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。

3、輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)源：即+5VSB電(dian)(dian)源，輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)源本身(shen)也是一(yi)個完整的開(kai)關電(dian)(dian)源。只要ATX電(dian)(dian)源已上電(dian)(dian)，輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)源便開(kai)始工(gong)作(zuo)，輸(shu)出+5V。該輸(shu)出連接(jie)到ATX主(zhu)板的“電(dian)(dian)源監控(kong)部件”，作(zuo)為它的工(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)壓，使操作(zuo)系統可以直接(jie)對電(dian)(dian)源進行管理。通過此功能，實現遠程開(kai)機，完成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)腦喚(huan)醒功能。

4、開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)路：開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)路是(shi)ATX開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)源的(de)主要部(bu)分(fen)(fen)，它(ta)把直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)變換成高頻(pin)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，并且起著將輸出部(bu)分(fen)(fen)與輸入電(dian)(dian)網隔離的(de)作(zuo)用。開(kai)關(guan)管(guan)是(shi)該(gai)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)電(dian)(dian)路的(de)核心元件，受(shou)脈寬調制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)路輸送(song)的(de)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)作(zuo)驅動信(xin)號(hao)(hao)，當脈寬調制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)路因保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)路動作(zuo)或因本身故障(zhang)不工(gong)作(zuo)時，開(kai)關(guan)管(guan)因無驅動脈沖而不工(gong)作(zuo)，電(dian)(dian)路處(chu)于關(guan)閉狀態。

5、PWM脈寬(kuan)調制電路：PWM（Pules Width Modulation）即脈寬(kuan)調制電路，其功能是檢測輸出直流電壓(ya)，與(yu)基準電壓(ya)比(bi)較(jiao)，進行(xing)放(fang)大，控制振蕩器的脈沖(chong)寬(kuan)度，從而控制開(kai)關電路以保(bao)持輸出電壓(ya)的穩定(ding)。

6、PS-ON控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路：ATX電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)最主要的(de)(de)特點就是(shi)，它不采用(yong)傳統的(de)(de)市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開關(guan)(guan)來(lai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)是(shi)否工作，而是(shi)采用(yong)“＋5VSB、PS－ON”的(de)(de)組(zu)合來(lai)實現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)開啟(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)(bi)，只要控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“PS－ON”信(xin)(xin)號電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平的(de)(de)變化，就能(neng)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)開啟(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)(bi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)中的(de)(de)PS-ON控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路接受電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦主板給出(chu)(chu)PS－ON 信(xin)(xin)號，當“PS－ON”為(wei)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平時(shi)(shi)開啟(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平時(shi)(shi)關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。主機(ji)箱面上(shang)的(de)(de)POWER觸發(fa)按鈕開關(guan)(guan)(非鎖(suo)定開關(guan)(guan))控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主板的(de)(de)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)監控(kong)部件(jian)”的(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)狀態，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)也可用(yong)程序來(lai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)監控(kong)件(jian)”的(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)，如在WIN9X平臺下，發(fa)出(chu)(chu)關(guan)(guan)機(ji)指令，使“PS－ON”變為(wei)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平，ATX電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)就自動關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)(bi)。

7、保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路：為了保(bao)證安全(quan)工作，ATX電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)中設置(zhi)了多種(zhong)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)輸出發生欠電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流、過(guo)(guo)功(gong)率、短路等故障時，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路啟動，電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)停止工作以保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦系(xi)統及電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)本(ben)身(shen)。

8、輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路：輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路主要包括整流(liu)和濾電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，經開關變壓(ya)(ya)器變壓(ya)(ya)后(hou)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)幅度(du)不同的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)頻(pin)(pin)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，再經過整流(liu)部分(fen)將高(gao)頻(pin)(pin)低壓(ya)(ya)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)變為(wei)高(gao)頻(pin)(pin)脈(mo)動直流(liu)，然后(hou)經電(dian)(dian)(dian)感電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)濾后(hou)，將脈(mo)動直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)脈(mo)動成分(fen)濾除，使輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)變為(wei)穩(wen)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，也就(jiu)是PC所需的(de)(de)(de)+5V、+12V、+3.3V等電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。所以(yi)說(shuo)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)容(rong)量大小及電(dian)(dian)(dian)感的(de)(de)(de)優劣直接決定(ding)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定(ding)度(du)即(ji)紋波(bo)的(de)(de)(de)大小。如果想要從事電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)行業的(de)(de)話，那么這(zhe)些基礎的(de)(de)電(dian)路知識(shi)(shi)是必須要了(le)解的(de)(de)，關注飛天鷹電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)適配器廠家，除了(le)有眾(zhong)多的(de)(de)優質電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)產品，還有大(da)量有關電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)適配器的(de)(de)技術、知識(shi)(shi)分享(xiang)。