電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)子線路中的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)一(yi)般概括(kuo)為(wei)：通交流(liu)、阻直(zhi)流(liu)。電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)通常(chang)起(qi)濾(lv)波、旁(pang)路、耦合、去耦、轉相(xiang)等電(dian)(dian)氣作(zuo)用(yong)。用(yong)作(zuo)貯能元件也(ye)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)重要應用(yong)領域，同電(dian)(dian)池等儲能元件相(xiang)比，電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)可(ke)以(yi)瞬(shun)時(shi)充放電(dian)(dian)，并且充放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)基本上不受限(xian)制，可(ke)以(yi)為(wei)某些設備(bei)提供大功率的(de)(de)瞬(shun)時(shi)脈沖電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。接下來電源適配器(qi)廠家將(jiang)會對電容器的功能進(jin)行總結。

1 、隔直(zhi)流：作用是阻止直(zhi)流而讓交(jiao)流通過。

2 、旁(pang)路（去耦(ou)）：為交流電路中某(mou)些并聯的元(yuan)件(jian)提供低阻(zu)抗(kang)通路。

3 、耦合(he)：作為兩個電(dian)(dian)路(lu)之間的(de)連接，允許交(jiao)流(liu)信號(hao)通過并傳輸到下(xia)一級(ji)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)

4 、平(ping)滑或濾波(bo)：將整流以后的脈(mo)狀波(bo)變為接近直(zhi)流的平(ping)滑波(bo)，或將紋波(bo)及(ji)干(gan)擾波(bo)慮(lv)除。

5 、溫度補償：針對(dui)(dui)其它元件對(dui)(dui)溫度的(de)適應(ying)性不夠帶(dai)來的(de)影響，而(er)進行補償，改善(shan)電路的(de)溫度穩定性。

6 、計時(shi)：電(dian)容器與電(dian)阻(zu)器配合使(shi)用，確(que)定電(dian)路的時(shi)間常數。

7 、調(diao)諧：對與頻(pin)率相關的電路(lu)進行系統調(diao)諧，比如手機、收(shou)音機、電視機。

8、浪(lang)涌(yong)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)：開關頻率很高(gao)的現代(dai)功率半(ban)導體(ti)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)易受潛在的損害(hai)性電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)尖(jian)峰脈沖(chong)的影(ying)響(xiang)。跨接在功率半(ban)導體(ti)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)兩端(duan)的浪(lang)涌(yong)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)電容器(qi)(qi)通過吸收電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)脈沖(chong)限制了(le)峰值電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，從而對半(ban)導體(ti)器(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)起到了(le)保(bao)護(hu)作用，使(shi)得浪(lang)涌(yong)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)電容器(qi)(qi)成為功率元件(jian)(jian)庫(ku)中的重(zhong)要一員。

9 、 EMI/RFI 抑(yi)制： 這些電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器連(lian)接在(zai)電(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)輸入(ru)端(duan)，以減輕(qing)由(you)半(ban)導體所產生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁或(huo)無線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)干擾(rao)。由(you)于直(zhi)接與主輸入(ru)線(xian)(xian)相連(lian)，這些電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器易遭受到破壞性的(de)(de)過壓(ya)和瞬態電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。采用塑膜技術(shu)的(de)(de) X- 級和 Y- 級電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器提(ti)(ti)供(gong)了最(zui)為廉價的(de)(de)抑(yi)制方法之一(yi)。抑(yi)制電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器的(de)(de)阻抗隨著頻率的(de)(de)增加而減小(xiao)，允許高頻電(dian)(dian)流通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器。 X 電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器在(zai)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)之間(jian)對此(ci)電(dian)(dian)流提(ti)(ti)供(gong)“短(duan)路(lu)”， Y 電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器則在(zai)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)與接地設備之間(jian)對此(ci)電(dian)(dian)流提(ti)(ti)供(gong)“短(duan)路(lu)”。

10 、控(kong)制和邏輯電(dian)(dian)路(lu)：各(ge)類電(dian)(dian)容器均可能被應用于(yu)電(dian)(dian)源控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中。除(chu)非是(shi)在惡劣環境(jing)條(tiao)件的要(yao)求(qiu)，否則這些電(dian)(dian)容器的選(xuan)擇一般都(dou)是(shi)低電(dian)(dian)壓低損耗的通(tong)用型元(yuan)件。

從(cong)這里我們也看(kan)到，電容器在電子線路中的(de)(de)作(zuo)用還(huan)是(shi)相當的(de)(de)多的(de)(de)，電源(yuan)適配器廠家17年(nian)來專注電源(yuan)研發(fa)生產，想要了解更(geng)多電源(yuan)相關(guan)信息，歡迎(ying)關(guan)注我們。